Search results for "Opportunistic Pathogens"

showing 2 items of 2 documents

Parasite virulence when the infection reduces the host immune response.

2010

Parasite infections often induce a reduction in host immune response either because of a direct manipulation of the immune system by the parasite or because of energy depletion. Although infection-induced immunodepression can favour the establishment of the parasite within the host, a too severe immunodepression may increase the risk of infection with opportunistic pathogens, stopping the period over which the parasite can be transmitted to other hosts. Here, we explore how the risk of contracting opportunistic diseases affects the survival of the amphipod Gammarus pulex infected by the acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis . Previous work with this system has shown that upon infection, G.…

Male[ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologyVirulence[ SDV.IMM.IA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAcanthocephalaHost-Parasite InteractionsPomphorhynchus laevisImmune systemopportunistic pathogensResearch articlesdisease ecology[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisParasite hostingAnimalsAmphipodaGeneral Environmental Science[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologybiologyHost (biology)Risk of infectionGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationvirulenceGammarus pulexPulexImmunologyPomphorhynchus laevisGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesWater Microbiologyimmunodepression
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Association of metformin administration with gut microbiome dysbiosis in healthy volunteers

2018

Background Metformin is a widely used first-line drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Despite its advantages, metformin has variable therapeutic effects, contraindications, and side effects. Here, for the very first time, we investigate the short-term effect of metformin on the composition of healthy human gut microbiota. Methods We used an exploratory longitudinal study design in which the first sample from an individual was the control for further samples. Eighteen healthy individuals were treated with metformin (2 × 850 mg) for 7 days. Stool samples were collected at three time points: prior to administration, 24 hours and 7 days after metformin administration. Taxonomic composition of…

0301 basic medicineMaleendocrine system diseasesPhysiologylcsh:MedicineType 2 diabetesGut floraPathology and Laboratory MedicineOpportunistic Pathogens0302 clinical medicineRNA Ribosomal 16SMedicine and Health SciencesLongitudinal Studieslcsh:ScienceData ManagementMultidisciplinarybiologydigestive oral and skin physiologyHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingGenomicsHealthy VolunteersMetformin3. Good healthMetforminBacterial PathogensTolerabilityMedical MicrobiologyFemalePathogensmedicine.drugResearch ArticleMicrobial TaxonomyAdultDNA BacterialEscherichiaComputer and Information SciencesClostridiaceae030209 endocrinology & metabolismMicrobial GenomicsPlaceboDNA RibosomalMicrobiologyDrug Administration Schedule03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultEnterobacteriaceaeAdverse ReactionsmedicineGeneticsHumansMicrobiomeMicrobial PathogensTaxonomyPharmacologyClostridiumBacteriabusiness.industryPeptostreptococcusTherapeutic effectlcsh:RGut BacteriaOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesSequence Analysis DNAmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationGastrointestinal Microbiome030104 developmental biologyDysbiosislcsh:QMicrobiomebusinessDysbiosisPLOS ONE
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